Authors
Akerele NN, Rafiu MO, Ahmed SD, Otaigbe O, Erohubie CE, Emorinken A, Olugbemide OA, Dada SA, Adetunji AE, and Azubike CO.
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly contributes to mortality globally. Understanding the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of CKD is vital for advocacy to alleviate its burden in Nigeria. This study assesses these attributes and referral patterns of CKD patients in a rural tertiary hospital in Nigeria.
Method: This study utilizes a descriptive observational design with a non-randomized sampling method to select adult patients diagnosed with CKD at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital (ISTH) between June 1, 2023, and June 30, 2024. Patients' socio-demographic and clinical data were recorded electronically. Data analysis was performed using STATA v. 17.
Result: During the study, 339 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) were enrolled. The mean age was 54.3 ± 17.1 years, predominantly male (97.1%), with most engaged in trading or business (46.3%). The mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.6 ± 5.2, and the mean blood pressures were 143.6 ± 25.3 mmHg systolic and 85.3 ± 15.6 mmHg diastolic. The primary reason for referral was abnormal serum electrolytes, urea, and creatinine (79.9%), with 71.4% symptomatic at diagnosis. Main causes of CKD included diabetes mellitus (32.7%), systemic hypertension (22.1%), and chronic glomerulonephritis (15.3%). Most patients were in CKD stage 5 at diagnosis.
Conclusion: Chronic kidney disease in our study cohort is prevalent among middle-aged males. Most patients had elevated body mass index and hypertension, with diabetes mellitus as the leading cause of CKD. The hospital General Outpatient Department was the primary referral source, and many patients were diagnosed at advanced stages of the disease. This highlights the need for increased awareness among healthcare professionals regarding early referrals for specialised care.
Method: This study utilizes a descriptive observational design with a non-randomized sampling method to select adult patients diagnosed with CKD at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital (ISTH) between June 1, 2023, and June 30, 2024. Patients' socio-demographic and clinical data were recorded electronically. Data analysis was performed using STATA v. 17.
Result: During the study, 339 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) were enrolled. The mean age was 54.3 ± 17.1 years, predominantly male (97.1%), with most engaged in trading or business (46.3%). The mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.6 ± 5.2, and the mean blood pressures were 143.6 ± 25.3 mmHg systolic and 85.3 ± 15.6 mmHg diastolic. The primary reason for referral was abnormal serum electrolytes, urea, and creatinine (79.9%), with 71.4% symptomatic at diagnosis. Main causes of CKD included diabetes mellitus (32.7%), systemic hypertension (22.1%), and chronic glomerulonephritis (15.3%). Most patients were in CKD stage 5 at diagnosis.
Conclusion: Chronic kidney disease in our study cohort is prevalent among middle-aged males. Most patients had elevated body mass index and hypertension, with diabetes mellitus as the leading cause of CKD. The hospital General Outpatient Department was the primary referral source, and many patients were diagnosed at advanced stages of the disease. This highlights the need for increased awareness among healthcare professionals regarding early referrals for specialised care.
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